Tunnel or conduit lining.



J. F. OROURKE. TUNNEL OR CONDUIT LINING.

APPLIGATIoN FILED Hum, 1912.

mythe/Jaw:

J. F. OROURKE. TUNNEL 0R CQNDUIT LINING.

APPLICATION FILED PBB.6, 1912.

1,043,348., l Patented Nov. 5, i912.

J. F. OROURKE. TUNNEL 0R GONDUIT LINING. 111111101111011 111.1111 P11116, 1912.

Patented Nov. 5, 1912.

a mus-SHEET sA T Fl.

JOHN F. onounxnor nsw ruim, N. `r.

TUNNEL on coNnUrr Limite.

specictiontf `Letters raient.

` `To all whoinit concern:

Beit known that I, JOHN F. ORoUnKn,

a citizen of the United ,l States, and resident of New Yorlr city, borough-fof Manhattan,

,in the county .of -NewwYork` and State of` New York, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in Tunnel or'Gonduit Linings, of'whichthe following is a specifi cation. l

My invention `relates to improvements in f linings of tunnels, conduits and the like,

and has particular reference to such linings comprising blocks or sections of` concrete Y or` .the like.

The object of my invention is to provide means for assembling the blocks or sections for a tunnel orconduit lining in such man- 2,0v the latter for 'forcing a shell, shield or the ner as to prevent injury lto the adjacent faces or surfaces of aimed blocks or sections when pressure "is brought to bear against like forwardly through the earth; `also to cause the blocksorwsections adjacent one anotherto sustain or brace each other in 4a and improve this class of tunnel or conduit linings to the end that the same may bej formed into a `water-tight unitary structure] vwith expedition and requisite accuracy.

My invention comprises novel details ofi improvement and `combinations of parts that will be more fully hereinafter set forth and variation to permit of entering the projections into .the recesses. The joints 1d bethen pointed out in the claims.

`Reference `is tof be had to the accompany perspective view of 'a ring or series ofcircuh larly disposed blocks or sections looking from the right-hand end of Fig. l.; Fig. 3 is a partly broken front view of one of the blocks or sections; Fig.- 4 is a section on the line 4, 4, in Fig. 3 ;Fig. 5 isa section on the line 5, 5, in Fig. 3; Fig. Gis an enlarged deff tail view of the adjacent ends of two annularlyjdisposed blocks or sections; Fig. 7

is a partly broken `front View of the tun-A nel-lining illustratingamodification; Fig. 8

is a side elevation thereof, partly'in section on the line 8, 8, in Fig. 7 Fig. 9 is a detail `view of one of" the dowels of Figs.v 7 and 8;

Fig. 10 is a view 'similar to Fig. 7 illustrat`4 ing a further modification; Fig. 11 is a side' elevation thereof, partly in section on the "line 11, l1, inlFig. 10 Fig. 12 isa detail of with mortar or the like.

`instalment Nov. s, lala.

thedowelof Figs. `10 and 11; 13 is a detail perspective View of the key between `the blocks or sections of Figs. 7 to 11;` Fig.

Mis a detail perspective view of part of a' block `or" section of modified construction; Fig. 15 isa View similar to Fig. 14, illustrating the reverse side thereof, and Fig. 16 is a detail section ofparts in Figs. 14 and 15.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the sever-al views. MyA improved tunnel lining comprises series of adjacent alined` rings, each ring comprising a `plurality of suitably `shaped i or disposed blocks or sections 1 formed or `molded of concrete or other analogous inaterial. Blocks or sections 1 are provided on one edge or face with one or more recesses 1a and on the correspondingopposite edge .or face with one or more correspondin projections or dowels 1b, the projections o one block being adapted to lit into `the recesses of an adjacent block, in suchmanner that such projections will seat rmly against the bottoms of the corresponding recesses to prevent .the opposing faces or surfaces of the blocks or sections `from being Vinjured by contact .one with another, and also to leave spaces for joints to be subsequently filled The recesses 1 and the corresponding projections 1l? are preferably approximately of the same `diameter, allowance being `made for suiicient tween the blocks or sections of one ring break joints with the joints ld of the blocks .or sections of an adjacent ring. rThe blocks or sections l may be provided with inner recesses 2 to facilitate handlingand setting, which recesses may he filled `with concrete 3 of desired composition, or that similar to theniaterial ofthe block, or said recesses may be left unfilled in the finished lining, i-f"desire/d. `The outer edges of blocks or sections l are `shown provided with a bead or molding 1, the bead or molding of one block ori section being adapted to come into close relation to the bead or molding 1 of adjacent sections.

lx1-regard tothe use of moldlngs for con' duits made in open excavations, 1t would be more convenient insonne cases toV have the kbeads or moldings located at the inner edges ejtle elongated 1( projectlon 1 Upon the o) 0- the blocks or t mnnel' m )100kg l l )I urlnbomm@ I.

if H111 Ilm mm lentering said recesses `projectif.ans and recesses retain the blocks or sections 'from slipping radially or annularl v up to the full shearing strength of the projections, and any suitable means may be Y provided forholding the lining in form it' necessary, luntil the lower half of the spaces between it` and the excavation is filled with earth, and a natural settlement of the over-` lying material in ytunnel construction.maybe depended upon for filling the upper part,

and where the conduit is laid'in a trench the` replacement of the excavatedmaterial lwill inclose the conduit-.in `usual manner.

Having nowdescribed my invention what I claim is v 1. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising segmental blocks or sections havingspaced recesses in their side faces, and spaced projections between the bloclsorjsections and against the bottoms of said recesses, the

arrangement being such that'the projections take the longitudinal `thrust whenever such thrust existsfV i 2. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising blocks or sections having spaced projections and spaced recesses in Vopposite faces, the projection of one block or section entering the recess of an adjacent block or section the arrangement being such that the projections take the longitudinal thrust whenever such thrust exists. i

3. A tunnel or conduit llining comprising segmental blocks or sections having spaced recesses in their side faces, spaced projections between the blocks or sections and entering said recesses and seating against the bott-oms of said recesses, spaces being provided between the faces of adjacent blocks or sections, and filling material in said spaces the arrangement being such that the projections take the longitudinal thrust whenever such thrust exists.

4. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising blocks or sections having spaced projections and spaced recesses in opposite faces, the projection of one block or section entering the recess of an adjacent block or section, spaces being provided between the faces of adjacent blocks or sections, and filling ma terial in said spaces the arrangement. being such that the projections take the longitudinal thrust whenever such thrust exists.

5. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising blocks or sections having recesses in their side faces, and projections between the blocks or sect-ions and entering said recesses and bearing against the walls of the latter, said blocks or sections having a molding or projection at the outer edges and spaces between the faces of opposed blocks or sections, and filling material in said spaces.

and seatingV directlyl projection of 6. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising blocks or sections having projections and recesscs inopposite faces, the projection of one block or section entering the recess of an adjacent block or section, said blocks or sections having a nioldingor projection at the outer edges and spaces between the faces of opposed blocks er sections, and filling material in said spaces.

7. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising alined rings eachcomposed of blocks or sectionsof concrete having spaeedrecesses in their side faces, spaced projections between the blocks or sections and entering saidrecesses and bearing againstI the walls ofthe latter, said rings having spaces between the adjacent ends of their blocks or sections,

` and filling materialy located in said spaces.

S. Atunnel or conduit lining comprising alined rings each composed of blocks Vor sections of concrete having spaced projections and spaced recesses in opposite faces, the one block entering a recess in another block, said ringshaving spaces between vthe adjacent ends of their blocks or sections, and filling material located in said spaces.

9. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising alined rings each composed of annularly disposed blocks or sections of concrete having spaced projections and spaced recesses in opposite faces, the projection of one block entering a. recess in another block, said rings having spaces between the adjacent ends of their blocks or sections, spaces being formed between the blocks of adjacent rings, and filling material in said spaces. i

10. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising blocks or sect-ions having recesses in their side faces, projections interposed between the blocks or sections and entering said recesses and 4bearing against the walls of the latter, wedges interposed between adjacent ends of said blocks or sections maintaining said blocks or sections in set positions, and

filling material located in the joints between the blocks.

11. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising alined rings each composed of annularlj' disposed blocks or sections, of concrete having projections and recesses in opposite faces, the projection of. one block entering a recess in another block, said rings having spaces between the adjacent ends of their blocks or sections, wedges interposed between adjacent ends of blocks or sections of said rings maintaining said blocks or sections in set positions, and filling material located in said spaces.

12. A tunnel or conduit lining comprising a series of alined rings, each ring having segmental blocks or sect-ions provided with spaced projections and spaced recesses on their side faces, the joints between the blocks or sections of one ring breaking joints with the joints between the blocks or sections of an 'adjacent ring, the projections of one blockoi section entering the recesses of the opposite blocks-or sect-ions, the ar-4 rangement being such that the projections take the longitudinal thrust whenever such thrust exists.

1 13. A tunnel or conduitlining comprising a series of alined r1ngs,' eacliring having blocks'or sections, the joints between the blocks or sections ofone ring breaking joints with the joints between the blocks or*v sections of an adjacent. ring, said blocks or recesses and bearing againstthe material of the rings spacing them apartfsaid rings having molding attlieir outer edges, andV filling material between the rings.

15.- A segmental. block for a tunnel or conduit lining having spaced-projections and recesses on its side. faces the length ot the projectionsbeing greater than the depth of the recesses. v l f 16. A block for a tunnel or conduit lining having spaced projections andl recesses on two opposite faces, .and having a molding adjacent an edge. i

17. Segmen'talblocks .for tunnel or conduit linings, each comprising a block having recesses and projections `on its side faces, the lengthl of the projections being greater than the depth of the recesseswhereby when the blocks are assembledthe ends ofthe projections engage the end walls ofthe recesses and receive the longitudinaly thrust whenever sucli thrust exists. i

vSignedat New Yorkcity, in the county'of New York, land Stat-e oltNew York, this 2nd day of February, A. D. 1912. i l

JOHN F. OROURKE. lVitnesses: i

T. F. BOURNE,

MARIE F. WAINRIGHr 

